Torch tip



Aug. 16, 1932.

C. J. COBERLY TORCH TIP Filed April 15, 1950 Jf/J w w y. 1114 A 5 5 Z W v e i]: 5 m I w c r [m M A wow Z I my xx/x6 Patented Aug. 16, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CLARENCE J. 003ml, LOB AN GELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO KOBE, INC, OI

HUNTINGTON PARK, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION 01 CALIFORNIA TORCH TIP Application filed April 15,

My invention'relates to the art of cutting metal by use of a gas jet and relates particularly to a cutting torch tip which will issue a diverging metal cutting jet. In the art of making well screen from pipe, or tubing, to which my present invention has its principal application, slots are cut in the tubular member through which fluids may flow into the interior of the pi from the fluid bearing 1 earth formations w en the slotted pipe, or screen, is set in a well. In order to revcnt clogging of the slots it is essential that the walls ofthe slot diver e inwardly in order that any particle of san or gravel, which has entered the mouth of the slot may ass clearly therethrough, thus keeping the s 0t clear by avoiding the accumulation of sand therein.

In order to roduce slots having inwardly diverging wal s the practice of cutting slots ioby use of an oxygen jet employs a cutting torch tip adapted to deliver or produce a diverging jet of cutting gas, crossing jets of cutting gas, or a rotating angularly directed jet of cutting gas. 1

My present invention concerns an extreme- 1y simple form of cutting torch jet having simple means therein for causing divergence of the jet of oxygen, or other metal cutting gas issuing from the tip. I have found that turbulence produced in a flow of gas just before its issue from the discharge mouth of the cutting ti will cause the issuing jet to diverge, and t at this divergence ma be controlled through the turbulence itsel thereby making it possible to produce a cutting jet which will cut a slot having side walls disposed at the desired angle of divergence.

It is an object of the invention to provide a cutting torch tip having a gas passage and means disposed within and adjacent to the dischar e end of the gas passa for producing tur ulence in the flow o as and divergence of the gas jet which issues from the torch tip.

A further object of the invention is to provide a cutting torch tip having agas passage therethrough, the lower end of which assage is diametrically reduced so as to orm a discharge passage, and having the P passage wall soformed as to produce turbu- 1930. Serial 110'. 444,491.,

lence in the flow of gas-just before it issues from the torch tip in the form-of a jet which will diverge as the result of the turbulence.

further object of the invention is to provide avery simple torch tip constructionin which the discharge passage is formed in an insertable and replaceable bushing and it is a feature of my invention to incorporate the turbulence producing means with the bushing, thus making it possible to change the characteristics of the jet from a cutting torch by merely replacing the bushing by one of required characteristics.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be made evident throughout the following part of the specification.

Referring to the drawing, which is for illustrative purpose only, Fig. 1 is a vertically sectioned fragmentary view'to enlarged scale, showing a prc- 7 ferred embodiment of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the replaceable bushing, illustrated in Fig. 1.

Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are fragmentary sectional views showing alternative forms of replaceable bushings, having the upper ends thereof so formed as to produce turbulence in the flow of gas and divergence in the jet which issues from the cutting torch.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentar sectional view showing a replaceable busing, having diagonal and tangential passages in the upper end thereof for producing a turbulent condition in the flow of gas which is to issue in the form of a diverging cutting jet.

Fig. 8 is a slightly enlarged plan view of the bushing shown in Fig. 7. p

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary sectional view showing an alternative means for producing turbulence b rotation of the flow of see through the ischarge opening of the cutting ti Fig. 10 is a fragmentary sectional view in which the turbulenceroducing wall formation adjacent to the ischarge mouth of the bushing is near the lower end of the bushing.

As shown in Fig. 1, my invention 1s adapted to the general form of cutting tip having circularly disposed longitudinal pas- 100 throu In the lower end of the gas passage 13 a bushing 16 is inserted, this bushlng having'a discharge opening, or passage, 17, extending axially therethrough which is of smaller diameter than the passage 13 and is of such diameter that a jet of a size to cut a required width of slot will issue therefrom. The dis-- charge passage 17 ma be considered as the restricted lower end 0 the gas passage 13. Asshown in Fi 2, the u per end 18 of the bushing 16 is eformed or the purpose of producing turbulence in the flow of gas gh the discharge passage 17 This deformat on consists in cuttin away a portion of the upper end 18 at one side of a diametral line so as to produce a semicircular end 20 and a semicircular end area 21 downwardly offset therefrom.

When the upper end of the bushing 16 is notched or step d in the manner shown a condition of tur ulence will be produced in the flow of gas which will result in the cuttin jet 22 issuin from the tip 12 being diverge 1n substantia ly the manner shown so that the walls 23 of a slot 24 cut by such jet in a plate 25 will diverge downwardly.

As shown in Fig. 1, a portion of the gas flowing through discharge passage 17 enters the upper end of such passage as indicated by an arrow 26 .and'the remaining portion of the gas must enter the upper end of thepassage 17 from a lower level, or ofi'set position, the meeting of these component parts of the flow of gas producing turbulence. It is thought that the turbulent action results from a portion of the gas entering the passage 17 in axial direction, asindicated by the arrow 26, being met by gas entering the pas sage 17 in the general direction indicated by an arrow 27.

Regardless of the above theory, it is found that a bushing formed as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and as shown in the remaining figures of 'the drawing, will produce turbulence which will result in divergence of the cutting jetissued by the cutting torch tip, and it is found that this turbulence may be controlled so as to vary the divergence of the cutting jet within practical limits.

The form of the invention shown in Fig. 3 employs a bushing 16a. having a discharge passage 17. The upper end of the bushing 16a is deformed, or offset by extending a slot 28 thereacross, this slot 28 being positioned preferably on a diameter of the bushing, as indicate in Fig. 3. a

n Fig. 4 I show a bushing 16b set into the lower end of the gas passage 13 of a torch tip 12, this bushing having a V-shaped groove, or depression, 30- cut iametrically across the upperjendlthereof so" as to produce amofiset relationship between the various portions of the upper end of the bush ing x .2

In Fig.6 a'bushing'16c is shown with the upper end 18 thereof chamfered diago-.

nally on each side of a diametral line so as to produce slo ing faces 31. This deformation of the en wall of the bushing 160 also produces turbulence which will-= cause divergence of the cutting jet which issuesfrom the discharge passage 17 of the bushing. 160. Fig. 6 shows a bushing 16d having a plu ralit of V-shaped notches 32 cutv radiall in t e upper end thereof, through whic notches 32 the component-portions-of. the flow of gas enter the discharge passage- 17 in offset relationship thereby creating divergence-producing turbulence in the. flow of gas. v v In Fig. 1 to Fig. 6 I have shown a'cutting torch tip having a gas passage reduced in diameter through a short distance adjacent to its discharge end. a a

In each form of theinvention disclosed in these figures the 'wall of'the discharge assage is so formed at a-point adjacent to its lower end that turbulence will be pro-...

duced in the flow of gas at such short dis= tance from the lower end of the discharge passage that the as ;.will .issue in turbulent condition and pro ucedivergence of the cut ting jet so formed. Tdproduce this wall def-,

ormation by deforming the bushings 16,

16a, 16b, 16c, and 16d s apparently the most simple form of cons ruction by ,whichtthe princi les of the invention .may be racticed ut it is recognized that the wals, or. metal portions represented by the torch tip 12 and the bushings 16, 16a, 16b,.16c, and may be integrally formed, although suchcon;

struction would be considerably more expen.-.]

sive than that which'I have adopted. l

Fig. 7 shows a bushing 166, having the r end 18 thereof substantiallyfiatand ra ial. Drilled dia onally and tangentially downwardly from t e upper face 18 of the bushing 16c are holes 35 which introduce gas tangentially into i the discharge passage 17 to meet withthe axial flow of gas there-, through in such a manner as to. rotate the flow of gas which is-passing thr0ugh .the discharge pamage 17, producing. therein a condition which will cause the issuing jet 22 to diverge in the desired manner. r t

I have also found that by placing a spiral plate 37 in the gas passage 13, as shown in Fig. 9, so as to rotate the flow of gas which must enter the discharge passage of the bush-,-

ing I am able to produce divergence of the issuing jet 22, thisdivergence of the jet 22 being caused possibly by a combination of rotation and turbulence in the flow of gas, or by either of these conditions separately.

In Fig. 9 I have also shown how the interior wall of the bushing 16] may be rifled, as indicated at 38, so as to impart a rotational and turbulent condition to the as which is flowing through the discharge pipe 17. The member 37 and the rifiing 38 may be employed together or separately, depending upon the character of cutting jet required.

In the form of my invention shown in Eig. 10 the bushing 16g is provided with a discharge passage 17 g defined by an interior cylindrical wall surface 40 which extends downwardly from the upper end of the bushing to a plane 41 adjacent the lower or discharge end of the bushing. The walls of the discharge passage 179 are then directed conically inwardly so as to produce a discharge mouth 42 at the lower end of the passage 17 9 having a diameter considerably less, than that of the discharge passage 17g. The very abrupt reduction in the diameter of the discharge passage 179 at its lower end produces a turbulence in the flow of gas and accomplishes the desired divergence of the cutting jet 22 which issues from the dis- I charge mouth 42.

I have found that where the pressure of gas is properly roportioned with respect to the diameter ofashort discharge passage, such as the passage 17g, a simple radlal shoulder at the upper end of the discharge passage will produce turbulence and likewise a small amount of divergence in the issuing jet.

This construction however provides no means for regulating the divergence of the jet, especially in view of the fact that the pressure of gas employed in the cutting jet must be controlled relative to the thickness and character of the metal being cut; therefore it is desirable to employ a wall deformation, such as I have clearly exemplified, fo producing and controlling turbulence and jet divergence.

Although I have shown a simple and practical embodiment of my invention it is recognized that some of the elements thereof may be replaced by other elements capable of performing the same functions in a substantially equivalent manner; therefore the inventions are not to be limited by the details of the foregoing disclosure but should be accorded the full scope of the following claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. A cutting -tip of the character described having a gas passage terminating in a discharge mouth and means in said gas passage adjacent to said discharge mouth for producing sufiicient turbulence in the flow of gas which issues from said dischar mouth to produce a diverging cutting et which will cut a slot having diverging walls. 2. A cutting tip of the character described I having a gas passage terminating in aodis -z charge mouth and walls in said gas passage adjacent to said discharge mouth so formed as to produce sufficient turbulence in the iflow of gas which issues from said discharge mouth to produce a diverging cutting jet which will cut a slot having diverging walls.

3. A cutting tip of the character described having a gas passage extending betweenthe upper and lower ends thereof and a. bushing inserted in the lower end of said i said bushing having a discharge openmg communicating w th said gas passage and having the walls thereof so formed as to produce sufficient turbulence in the flow of gas through said discharge opening to produce a diverging cutting jet which will cut a slot having diverging walls.

4. A cutting tip of the character described having a gas passage extending between the upper and lower ends thereof and a bushing inserted in the lower end of said gas passage, said bushing having a discharge opening communicating with said gas passage and having its inner end so formed as to b5 produce sufiicient turbulence in the flow of gas through said dischargeopening to produce a diverging cutting jet which will cut a slot having diverging walls.

5. A cutting tip of the character described having a gas passage extending between the upper and lower ends thereof and a bushing, inserted in the lower end of said gas passage,

said bushing having a discharge opening communicating with said gas passageand having a shoulderat its upper end for producing sufficient turbulence in the flow of gas through said discharge opening to produce a diverging cutting jet which will cut a slot having diverging walls. I

6. A cutting tip of the character described having a gas passage extending between the upper and lower ends thereof and a bushing inserted in the lower end of said gas passage, said bushing having a discharge opening therethrough of smaller diameter than 'said gas passage and a shoulder at its upper end for producing suflicient turbulence in the ilow of gas through said discharge opening to produce a diverging cutting jet which will cut a slot havingv diverging walls.

7 A cutting tip of the character described gas passage,

ill

having a gas passage extending between the upper and lower ends thereof and a bushing inserted in the lower end of said gas passage,-

said bushing having a discharge opening therethrough of smaller diameter than said through said discharge opening to produce a diverging cutting jet which will cut a slot havin diverging walls.

8. K cutting tip of the character described having a gas passage extending between the iBf upper an lower ends thereof, there being a relatively short portion at the lower end of said passage reduced in diameter so as-to form a discharge passage terminating in a discharge mouth; and means cooperative with said discharge passa e for producing sufficient turbulence in t e flow of cutting gas therethrough whereby to cause divergence in the gas jet issuing from said discharge mouth.

9. A cutting tip of the character described having a gas passage extending between the upper and lower ends thereof, there being a relatively short portion at the lower end of said passage reduced in diameter so as to form a discharge passage terminating in a discharge mouth; the inner walls of said cutting tip being formed adjacent the lower end thereof to produce turbulence in the flow of gas through said discharge passage whereby to cause divergence in the gas jet issuing from said discharge mouth.

10. A cutting tip as defined in claim 1, in which said means consists of a wall having a discharge opening therethrough of smaller diame ter than the portion of said gas passage adjacent 'said wall, there being a shoulder at the inner end of said wall so formed as to admit cutting gas from said gas passage into said opening at different distances from the mouth of said opening whereby to produce the required turbulence in the cutting gas passing through and issuing from said opening. I

11. A cutting tip as defined in claim 1, in which said means consists of a wall having a dischargeopening therethrough of smaller diameter than the portion of said gas passage adjacent said wall, there being a notched shoulder at the inner end of said wall for admitting cutting gas from said gas passage into said opening at different distances from the mouth of said opening whereby to produce the required turbulence in the cutting gas passing through and issuing from said open- 12. A cutting tip as defined in claim 1, in

which said means consists'oi' a wall having a discharge opening therethrough of smaller diameter than the portion of said gas passage adjacent said wall, there being a stepped shoulder at the inner end of said wall for admitting cutting gas from said gas passage into said opening at different distances from the mouth of said opening whereby to produce the required turbulence in the cutting gas passing through and issuing from said opening.

13. A cutting tip as defined in claim 1, in which said means consists of a wall having a discharge opening therethrough of smaller diameter than the portion of said gas passage adjacent said wall, there being a V- shaped shoulder at the inner end of said wall for admitting cutting gas from said gas passage into said opening at different distances from the mouth of said opening whereby to produce the required turbulence in the cutting gas passing through and issuing from sai opemng.

14. A cutting tip as defined in claim 1, in which said means consists of a wall having a discharge opening therethrough of smaller diameter than the portion of said gas passage adjacent said wall, there being a diametrally ridged shoulder at the inner end of said wall for admitting cutting gas from said gas passage into said opening at difierent distances from the mouth of said opening whereby to produce the required turbulence in the cutting gas passing through and issuing from said opening.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California, this 10th day of April, 1930.

. CLARENCE J. COBERLY. 

